Study of Bacteriological Profile and Antibiotherapy of Infected Diabetic Feet of Patients at the University Hospital of Sidi Bel-Abbès.

Introduction. The diabetic foot infection is one of the most formidable complications of diabetes mellitus, it presents a serious public health problem and its vital prognosis is sometimes put into play and amputation is often decided in order to preserve life of patient. The objective of this study was to identify the causal flora and the antibiotic therapy necessary for management of infected diabetic feet of patients at UHC Sidi Bel-Abbès. Materials and Methods. It was a retrospective study of 220 diabetic patients, hospitalized in diabetology-endocrinology department of UHC of Sidi BelAbbès and carried out for three years from January 1st, 2018 to January 30th December 2020 for a foot infection having benefited of a cytobacteriological examination of pus (CBEP) with antibiogram. Results. A total of 220 patients hospitalized for diabetic foot infection, sex ratio equal to 2.14 and mean age of 61.27 ± 10.87 years. Grade 4 was found most frequently (32.27%), followed by grade 3 (28.64%) and amputation was found in 64.09%. Staphylococcus aureus was the majority (35.91%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.55%), Escherichia coli (09.55%) and Proteus mirabilis (06.82%). The ATBs used at effective doses were Metronidazole (88.15%), followed by Imipenem/ Cilastatin (74.07%), Ertapenem (71.43%), Cefazolin (53.34%) and Ciprofloxacin (41.01%). Conclusion. Diabetic feet were mostly infected with Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Prescriptions were readjusted; Metronidazole still combined with other ATBs was widely used, followed by Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin and Imipenem. Microbiological management is necessary for targeted antibiotic therapy minimizing the scourge of antibiotic resistance.