Plant Mediated Biosynthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Using Aegle marmelos (Bael) Leaf Extract to Study its Antibacterial Activity and Chromium Adsorption

Nanoparticle is a miraculous material of this modern era due to their exceptional applications in various sectors (pharmaceutical, medical, cosmetics, paints, waste treatment process, etc.). In current study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) was synthesised using a green approach with Aegle marmelos (Bael) plant leaf extract as reducing agent. Characteristics of synthesised ZnO nanoparticles were examined with Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and UV-visible spectroscopy. The UV-vis spectroscopy study confirmed the formation of nanoparticles, showed a peak between 220-230 nm. FTIR spectroscopy was used to detect the specific functional groups involved in reducing and stabilizing during the biosynthesis process. Various applications were performed like; antibacterial properties and chromium metal adsorption. Antibacterial activity were analysed using well diffusion method. Nanoparticles of Zinc oxide were highly effective against gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus cereus) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi). So, they can be used as an excellent antibacterial agent for biological purposes. In metal removal, zinc oxide nanoparticle removes about 50% of the chromium from water through adsorption. Current study showed synthesis of ZnO nanoparticle through green approach will have great potential in antibacterial activity and treatment of chromium metal contaminated water.