INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF IMPURITY PHASES OF THE FEEDSTOCK ON THE PROPERTIES OF FERROELECTRIC CERAMICS OF THE PZT SYSTEM

In the process of mass production of ferroelectric materials, impurities of various types and concentrationsare periodically observed in the feedstock. The aim of the study was to determine the effect ofimpurity phases present in the feedstock on the dielectric and electrophysical properties of ferroelectricceramics. In this work, the basic raw materials components included in the lead zirconate - titanate systemfor the presence of impurity components were studied by spectral analysis. The results revealed a group ofimpurity phases (Sb, Na, Bi, K, Fe) of different concentrations. The model object of the study was an industriallyproduced ferroelectric material with a perovskite structure and the chemical formulaPb0,95Sr0,05(Zr0,53Ti0,47)O3 + 1% Nb2O5. The objective of the study was the dosed introduction of impurityalloying additives into the composition of the initial ferroelectric material in order to possibly change thefinal properties. The study established the relevance of the dosed introduction of K and Na impurities at aconcentration of 1-2 % into the PZT system in order to reduce the values of relative permittivity by 40-45 %. The dependences of the formed ceramic structure on the introduced impurity alloying phases have beenestablished by scanning electron microscopy. The regularities of the "type of impurity additive – microstructure– properties" have been established. As a result of the study, the effectiveness of dosed administrationof impurity alloying additives K and Na in order to modify the properties of ferroelectric ceramicsof the PZT system was confirmed. Such impurity alloying leads to an increase in the values of the specificvoltage sensitivity (g33) to 34-37 mV·m/N. Ferroelectric materials of this format are of high practicalinterest for the creation of acoustic transducers operating in reception mode.