Review of methods for determining the glomerular filtration rate in preclinical studies

The potential risk of nephrotoxic effects is an important aspect that should be considered already at the preclinical stage of drug development. Exposure of the kidneys to toxic doses of investigational substances may be accompanied by cell damage primarily due to high blood flow in the kidney, clearance as well as metabolism of xenobiotics. Glomerular filtration rate (GBR) is one of the indicators of the functional state of the urinary system. A descriptive analysis of scientific literature summarizing the methods of GBR determination most commonly used in preclinical studies in different types of laboratory animals was performed. The factors influencing its determination were revealed. The values of GBR in laboratory animals at its determination by different methods are systematized. animals at its determination by diffe­rent methods. The research was done using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The review included available publications as of March 12, 2024. It has been shown that GBR can be one of the methods for assessing the risk of possible nephrotoxic effects of a drug. GBR is determined using endogenous and exo­genous markers, which have several advantages and disadvantages. According to the literature, the most commonly commonly used markers for estimation of GBR are inulin (exogenous marker) and endogenous creatinine. The choice of the most optimal marker should be made in the context of each individual preclinical study.