The influence of extruded cereals in composition of combined feeds on the quality of the obtained pork

Problems of saturating the diet of humans and animals with protein are solved in the areas of food, medical, social and economic technologies that ensure proper health and longevity. Solving the problem of increasing production and use of protein resources is aimed, first of all, at ensuring the country's food problem. This is achieved by increasing the volume of production of protein resources at the expense of plant and animal raw materials. The aim of the work was to determine the effectiveness of the effect of extruded soybeans and peas on the metabolic processes of pigs and the quality of the obtained pork. Pigs fed on corn-soy compound feed had higher average daily gains, had significantly (P < 0.05) 25 % higher average daily gains and 8.7 % lower feed costs per unit of gain compared to the control. The animals of other experimental groups, which were fed wheat-soybean and wheat-pea combined feed, also had probably higher productivity compared to the control group. After conducting a physiological balance experiment, it was established that different intensity of assimilation of certain substances by the body of pigs depends on the structure of the diet. The highest biological availability of phosphorus was observed from wheat-pea compound feed. When examining the slaughter qualities of experimental animals relative to intact ones, the fat thickness at the level of 6–7 thoracic vertebrae was lower by 10.5 % in representatives of the fourth group and higher by 13.4 % in the second group. The data obtained after the control slaughter of the animals indicate a slight variation in the weight of the carcass from 10.08 to 10.59 kg, where the first indicator was found in the animals of the 4th group, and the second – in the second group. During the analysis of lard samples, a decrease in the amount of total moisture was observed compared to intact animals of the 3rd group by 4.5 %, as well as a predominance of representatives of the 2nd and 4th groups, respectively, by 5.7 % and 5.3 %. According to the indicators of the iodine number and the refractive index, no significant difference between the studied groups was established. Determination of the parameters of the initial melting temperature of lard showed its minimum value in animals of the intact group, and the maximum value in the 4th group, where the difference between them was 5.0 %.