Estimation of active substances and compounds in orange seedlings Citrus aurantium L when spraying with nanofertilizers and humic acid

The experiment was conducted at the research station of the Faculty of Agriculture and Marsh of Thi Qar University during the growing season (2022-2022). Orange seedlings were obtained. Citrus aurantium, one year old, grown as uniformly as possible, from a nursery in Diyala governorate in 2022, and the seedlings were transplanted into 10 kg plastic pots (26 cm diameter) filled with a growing medium mixed with soil and peat moss. The plant care process was carried out in a similar manner throughout the study period, including pruning, weeding, fertilization and irrigation. The study was conducted as a two-factor factorial experiment using a randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D.). The first factor represented the spraying of composite nanofertilizer NPK at three concentrations (1, 0.5, 0) g.L-1, and the second factor represented the spraying of humus at three concentrations (0, 1, 2, ) g.L-1. The interval between one spraying and the next was 3 sprayings with an interval of two weeks. The results of the study can be summarized as follows: The spraying treatment of nanofertilizer NPK showed a positive effect on most of the active ingredients in bitter orange plants. The spray treatment with 100 mg L-1 concentration significantly outperformed the total sugar, naringenin, limonene, terpenes, and pyran compounds by 0.793%, 59.00%, 2.967%, 15.468%, and 7.954%, respectively. The average organic fertilizer spray treatment showed positive effects on most nutritional and chemical parameters of bitter orange seedlings. Citrus aurantium. The spray treatment with 2 g L-1 concentration had a better effect, with the highest proportions of total sugar, naringenin, limonene, terpenes, and pyran compounds, which were 0.760%, 55.28%, 2.772%, 15.086%, and 7.903%, respectively. The interaction coefficient between the two examined factors had a significant positive effect on most of the examined phytochemical and chemical properties. The interaction coefficient between 100 ml L-1 nano-NPK concentration and 2 g L-1 humus concentration recorded the best results for the active ingredient indicators such as naringenin, limonene, terpenes, and pyrans..