Investigation of the Impact of Control Parameter on Virtual Synchronous Generator-Based Grid-Forming Inverters for Enhanced Power System Stability

As the world is moving towards electrical grids which are 100% renewable sources based, research towards the implementation and control of grid forming (GFM) inverters has gained relevance. Among the various GFM control strategies, virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control emulates the dynamics of traditional synchronous generators, providing virtual inertia and damping to inverter-based resources. Given the importance of these dynamics, it is critical to understand how different control parameters impact the VSG performance of the inverter. This research shows how the control parameters influence the performance of the inverter either in grid connected or islanded condition. Simulation results highlight the effect of damping factor and inertia constant in enhancing grid stability. The result shows that VSG control is applicable for inverter control in both grid connected and islanded mode without any need for switching the inverter control mode from grid forming to grid following. However, adaptive parameter tuning is necessary to preserve the advantageous voltage mode characteristics of the grid forming inverter.