The Impact of Farmers’ Digital Literacy Competency on Life Satisfaction: the Dual Mediating Effects of Digital Self-Efficacy and Digital Self-Reliance

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of farmer’s digital literacy competency on life satisfaction and to explore the double mediating effects of digital self-efficacy and digital self-reliance in this relationship. Methods The research subjects were 1,781 farmers selected from the 2023 Digital Divide Survey conducted by the National Information Society Agency of Korea. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis were performed using SPSS 29.0 and PROCESS macro 4.2 (Model 6) was used to examine the dual mediating effects of digital efficacy and digital self-reliance. Results The analysis revealed that digital literacy competency did not directly affect life satisfaction; instead, its impact was fully mediated through digital self-efficacy and digital self-reliance. Higher levels of farmers' digital literacy competency were associated with increased digital self-efficacy, which subsequently enhanced digital self-reliance, indirectly contributing to greater life satisfaction. Although the effect of digital self-reliance was weaker than that of digital self-efficacy, it was still statistically significant. Conclusions This study empirically demonstrated the complete mediating roles of digital self-efficacy and digital self-reliance in the relationship between farmers’ digital literacy competency and life satisfaction. To strengthen farmers’ digital literacy competencies in the context of agricultural digital transformation, educational programs should focus on building both psychological confidence and technological independence. Highlighting successful experiences and practical applications of digital tools can significantly improve farmers’ quality of life in a digital agriculture environment. These findings underscore the importance of tailored digital education and the implementation of sustainable support policies.