Care networking system-based conversational AI service for older adults in depopulating area: Protocol development and empirical study

Objectives: This study developed a protocol for providing a conversational AI(Artificial Intelligence) call service to address care deficits in Jeongeup, a depopulating rural area in Korea. Methods: A protocol was developed for 3,087 older adults in the rural areas of Jeongeup, which included a conversational AI call service for engagement, regular monitoring to assess their needs, and referrals to appropriate community resources. The study involved five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. A survey on the demand for smart healthcare services was conducted with 4,989 participants, and the protocol was designed through team workshops. Results: The conversational AI call service was provided once a week for 12 weeks. The calls were designed to monitor the participants’ health, sleep, diet, exercise, and other factors, so that necessary interventions could be taken upon the detection of potential risks. Of the 306 cases classified as emergencies, the most common were “request for help” and “dizziness,” with a higher incidence in women and older individuals. The monitoring team referred participants to community lay workers or home care nurses for coordinated care and medical services, based on the decisions undertaken in internal case meetings. Conclusion: The protocol demonstrates the potential of integrating AI and human resources to improve care quality in rural, depopulating areas.