ANÁLISE DA PRECIPITAÇÃO E IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE EVENTOS DE SECA EM MUNICÍPIOS DO OESTE DE MATO GROSSO POR MEIO DOS ÍNDICES SPEI-3 E SPEI-6

Drought is the main event caused by climate variability; these episodes increase in frequency, intensity, and duration in Brazil. The objective of this study is to evaluate the annual and monthly distribution, verify trends of increases or decreases in precipitation, and identify meteorological and agricultural drought events using the municipalities of Campo Novo do Parecis, Campos de Júlio, Comodoro, and Sapezal, Mato Grosso. The data were acquired via Google Earth Engine and correspond to ERA5-Land reanalysis. The Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) was used to evaluate droughts. The nonparametric Mann-Kendall test was applied to analyze trends. In the four municipalities, there are two well-defined seasons, dry and rainy, with similar annual precipitation regimes. The highest annual average precipitation was in Comodoro, Amazon biome, with the other three in the Cerrado biome. A reduction in annual precipitation has been observed in recent decades throughout the region. At the beginning of the 21st century, there was a greater accentuation of dry periods, according to the Z statistic of the Man-Kendall test, there was a significant reduction in precipitation in May, July, August, September and October. The main drought events were in 2015 to 2016 and 2019 to 2020 for the regions.