Systematic Review of the Effectiveness of Common Probiotic Strains: Streptococcus faecalis, Clostridium butyricum, Bacillus mesentericus, and Lactobacillus sporogenes in the Management of Diabetes

Abstract Type 2 diabetes mellitus is often linked to changes in gut microbiota, and probiotics may play a significant role in the management. Four common probiotic strains: Streptococcus faecalis (Enterococcus faecalis) , Clostridium butyricum , Bacillus mesentericus , and Lactobacillus sporogenes are commonly used in treating gut disorders. The current systematic review evaluates the efficacy of these strains in the management of diabetes. C. butyricum produces butyrate, which has been shown to regulate blood sugar levels, restore intestinal health, and mitigate inflammation. S. Faecalis has shown effectiveness in lowering postprandial glucose peaks, especially in research conducted on silkworm models and cell cultures. However, further research studies are necessary to determine the long-term efficacy of these strains in humans. The review shows the current evidence emphasizes the necessity for further investigation to identify and describe the active constituents, comprehend the processes by which they operate, and investigate the potential synergistic effects of combining various probiotics to achieve improved therapeutic results. Incorporating these probiotics into diabetes management may further enhance metabolic health.