Enantioselective Degradation and Processing Factors of Seven Chiral Pesticides During the Processing of Wine and Rice Wine

Chiral pesticides often undergo enantioselective degradation during food fermentation. In this study, the enantioselective fates of seven chiral pesticides during processing of wine and rice wine were investigated. The results revealed that R-metalaxyl, R-mefentrifluconazole and S-hexaconazole were preferentially degraded during wine processing with EF values of 0.57, 0.78, and 0.43, respectively, whereas S-metalaxyl and R-hexaconazole were preferentially degraded during rice wine processing with EF values of 0.44 and 0.54, respectively. Stereoselectivity was attributed to fermentative bacterial activity. The processing factor (PF) values for the five pesticides ranged from 0.04 to 0.34 during wine processing and from 0.02 to 0.29 during rice wine processing, suggesting that fermentation can mitigate pesticide exposure risks and ensure food safety. This study enhances our understanding of enantioselective fate of chiral pesticides during fermented food processing, provides guidance for the application of chiral pesticides, and enables the dietary risk of chiral pesticides in processed products to be assessed more accurately.