Advanced Earthquake Magnitude Prediction Using Regression and Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks

Earthquake magnitude prediction is critical in seismology, with significant implications for disaster risk management and mitigation. This study presents a novel earthquake magnitude prediction model by integrating regression analysis with Convolutional Recurrent Neural Networks (CRNNs). It utilises Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for spatial feature extraction from 2-dimensional seismic signal images and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) networks to capture temporal dependencies. The innovative model architecture incorporates residual connections and specialised regression techniques for sequential data. Validated against a comprehensive seismic dataset, the model achieves a Mean Squared Error (MSE) of 0.1909 and a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) of 0.4369, with a coefficient of determination of 0.79772. These metrics, alongside a correlation coefficient of 0.8980, demonstrate the model's accuracy and consistency in predicting earthquake magnitudes, establishing its potential for enhancing seismic risk assessment and informing early warning systems.