Comparative analysis of Albizia lebbeck and Lawsonia inermis: Phytochemical estimation and their immunomodulatory effects

Indigenous knowledge holds valuable insights into medicinal plants and their traditional uses. Incorporating products derived from medicinal plants as natural antioxidants could play a crucial role in enhancing immunity and overall health. This study investigates the immunomodulatory effects of two plant hydromethanolic extracts viz., Albizia lebbeck (ALE) and Lawsonia inermis (LIE), utilizing a chicken lymphocytes culture model. Both plants were extracted using a hydromethanolic method, revealing significant phytochemical constituents, including flavonoids and phenolics. The percent yield of LIE (6.08%) was higher than that of ALE (5.44%). Phytochemical analysis indicated that ALE contained 124 µg rutin equivalents (RE)/mg of extract for flavonoids and 3.93 µg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/mg for phenolics, while LIE showed 104.5 µg RE/mg and 1.84 µg GAE/mg, respectively. The maximum non-cytotoxic dose (MNCD) was established at 0.4 mg/ml for ALE and 0.2 mg/ml for LIE, beyond which both the extracts exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity. Both extracts enhanced T and B cell proliferation, significantly. These findings suggest that ALE and LIE possess significant immunomodulatory properties, potentially offering therapeutic applications in managing immunity-related conditions. Further research is warranted to elucidate their mechanisms of action and establish optimal dosages for clinical use.