Challenges in establishing small animal models for Ancylostoma caninum: Host specificity and resistance to infection in rodent hosts

This study explores potential small animal models for the dog hookworm, <i>Ancylostoma caninum</i> , a parasitic nematode which has repeatedly exhibited the ability to develop resistance to a range of anthelmintics. Immunomodulated hamsters, gerbils, rats, and mice were infected with <i>A. caninum.</i> Despite varying degrees of immunosuppression, and in some cases, total adaptive immunodeficiency, no adult worms were recovered, and larval arrest (L3 stage) occurred in muscle tissue of mice and hamsters. This highlights the strict host specificity of <i>A. caninum</i> and emphasizes the challenges of developing rodent models usable for anthelmintic testing with a strict specialist parasite.