Current Treatments for Parkinsons Disease

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is the second most frequently observed slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's. Although dopamine replacement remains an essential component of treatment, the point at which dyskinetic movements and motor fluctuations begin may demand a number of different approaches, both medical and surgical, delivered within a multidisciplinary framework. Significant new approaches to dopamine replacement are emerging. One of the most challenging aspects of treating the disease is the management of various non-motor symptoms, including anxiety, depression, constipation, bladder dysfunction, and sleep disorders. Innovative strategies are urgently required to combat these symptoms, which have a significant negative impact on quality of life. This review presents the latest therapeutic approaches that support the optimal treatment of both the non-motor and motor symptoms of PD.