System-dynamic approach to assessing sustainable development: the example of the USA

The aim of the article is to study the influence of the sectoral structure of the economy and technological efficiency on ensuring continuous positive growth of the total useful capacity of the socio-economic system during the selected period. The novelty of the approach lies in the fact that, based on the analysis of socio-economic, technical and environmental factors that determine the sustainable development, natural science meters are determined, reduced to one unit of measurement in systems that are open at the input and output in terms of energy. The article focuses on the main questions related to the creation of the dynamic model of the sustainable development model of the system for different scenarios of useful power changes with two types of the impact parameters and algorithms. The results of the main positions of the dynamic models of the systems and their interpretation are presented based on the historical statistical data of the United States of America in the period from 1950 to 2019. The correction was made four times over the period from 1949 to 2019 with different impact factors and scenarios. The purpose of the correction was to model the changes in the useful power of the industry and technological efficiency in order to obtain a continuous positive increase in the total useful power of the system during the selected period.