NANOTECHNOLOGY IN THE PRODUCTION OF BUILDING MATERIALS: A THEORETICAL STUDY

The modern stage of development of the construction industry begins to apply nanotechnology. Nanotechnology makes it possible to create a wide range of construction materials. This is done by controlling both the external and the internal structure of materials. The use of nanotechnology leads to the creation of new composite materials with truly unique characteristics. Developments of scientists in the field of creation of building materials based on nanotechnology are less applied on an industrial scale than in other spheres of national economy. In this study nanotechnology is considered as a set of techniques, chemical and physicochemical methods aimed at synthesizing in the volume or on the surface of the material structures having at least one direction of nanoscale. The methodological basis of the work is the analysis of literature data on the use of nanotechnology in building materials science. The result of the study was the identification of the synergistic effect of nano- and ultradisperse particles on the production of new building materials using nanotechnology. Obtaining high-quality nanostructured material containing nano- and ultradisperse particles of different nature is associated with significant difficulties. Their introduction in the form of powder into cement or other binding matrix is a very complicated process. Nano- and ultradisperse particles are prone to ag-glomeration. To achieve uniformity of their distribution in the volume of material is a difficult task, which is the subject of many studies. In the process of analyzing the literature data, the authors came to the conclusion that it is necessary to apply various technological methods for uniform distribution of nanoparticles in the volume of the material. This approach will allow to increase physical-mechanical, organoleptic and other properties of building materials.