Producing Calcium Deficient Nano-hydroxyapatite from Silver pomfret Fish Bones for Biomedical Applications

In this work, hydroxyapatite (HA) was produced from Silver pomfret fish, widely available in the Bay of Bengal Sea, India. The chemical composition of HA showed the presence of Mg along with Ca and P. The size of the produced HA was observed to be approximately 150 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirmed that the HA is impurities-free. The powders were then heated to a temperature of 800°C to confirm the stability of HA. The heated sample's XRD was analyzed, and peaks corresponding to β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) were observed. This finding indicates a lower amount of Ca than pure HA's stoichiometric ratio. The findings suggest that the developed HA was calcium deficient (CDHA). Since the CDHA degradation rate is higher compared with HA, the developed nano-CDHA can be a viable medium for drug delivery applications in biomedical engineering.