Causes, Identification & Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease

Alzheimer’s disease is one of the commonest neurodegenerative diseases characterized by genetic and environmental factors. The present work is based on the genetic mutations that are connected with early onset of AD and their diagnostic significance. The present study had a qualitative research approach and involved the analysis of the existing literature to determine the genetic variations in PSEN1 and PSEN2 genes and to compare the current diagnostic options. Four key mutations—p. These are Thr119Ile, p.Gly209Ala, p.Gly417Ala, and p.His169Asn mutations, which are associated with early onset of Alzheimer’s disease. New research on neuroimaging and biomarkers has provided better accuracy in diagnosis in the initial stages. These genetic findings are then compared to other environmental and lifestyle factors in order to show the multifaceted relationship between the two and their impact on disease development and progression. The recognition of particular gene mutations improves the knowledge of the AD etiology and makes it possible to apply advanced diagnostic methods in practice, which points to the further development of personalized medicine in the treatment of AD.