The main factors of socialization of peasant girls (on the example of the Kursk province at the turn of the XIX - early XX centuries)

Relevance . The family is the foundation on which the life of society and the state as a whole is formed. To identify the essence of these processes in the present time, it is advisable to rely on the experience of the past. In the 19th century the peasant population prevailed in Russia, so family education and the process of socialization will be most clearly presented on the example of a peasant family. It is worth noting that certain areas of peasant life have been studied more thoroughly, but there are a number of less studied aspects. It can clearly be seen at the regional level. Thus, in this work the stated topic will be studied on the example of peasant girls. The purpose of the study is to analyze the processes of spiritual and labor education, as well as the specifics of literacy education and medical care of peasant girls in the Kursk province at the turn of the 19th-20th centuries. Objectives of the study are: to reflect the influence of traditional methods of peasant education on the process of socialization of girls; to identify the features of education and health care for peasants, taking into account the regional specifics of these processes. Methodology . The following methodological principles were used in the work: objectivity, historicism, dialecticism and reliability. The interrelation of the singular, the special and the general was revealed. Results . The paper analyzes the main factors of socialization of peasants of Kursk province in the period of the late XIX – early XX centuries. The processes of spiritual, moral and labor education, the features and accessibility of education and medical care, both in the peasant environment itself and in zemstvo institutions, are considered in detail. Conclusions . According to the results of the conducted research, it was possible to fully realize the goals and objectives, on the basis of factual material and documents, to consider the main factors influencing the process of socialization of young peasants of the designated period and region.