The Efficacy of Different Kinematics in the Removal of GuttaPercha from Endodontically Treated Teeth Filled with Bioceramic Sealer: An In-Vitro Study

Endodontic retreatment is required when treatment failure is detected, typically due to residual bacteria or re-infection. The main objectives are to enhance patient quality of life and restore periapical tissues. This study evaluated the efficacy of different kinematic movements of two nickel-titanium systems and ultrasonic tips in retreating oval canals by assessing the relative amount of remaining gutta-percha using Protaper Gold, WaveOne Gold files and E6 Woodpecker ultrasonic tip. Non-carious extracted human lower second premolars with single straight oval canals were standardized to an 18 mm root length. They were instrumented, irrigated with sodium hypochlorite, and obturated with single-cone gutta-percha using Ceraseal sealer. Samples were divided into three groups: Protaper Gold F4 (group 1), WaveOne Gold Large File (froup 2), and ultrasonic tip Woodpecker E6 (group 3). The remaining root canal filling material was detected using a stereomicroscope. At the coronal third, the vibration and reciprocation groups had almost similar mean remaining material percentages (24.2% and 22.9%), the rotation group had a significantly lower mean value (16.4%). At the middle third, the vibration group had the highest mean remaining material percentage (22.2%), The reciprocation group (19.15%) and the rotation group had the lowest (16.5%). At the apical third, the vibration and reciprocation groups had comparable mean remaining material percentages (25.3% and 25.35%), while the rotation group showed a significant decrease (21.36%). ProTaper gold (rotation) was the most effective technique for removing root canal filling material, followed by the WaveOne Gold Large File and Ultrasonic vibration using the Woodpecker E6 tip.