Modern Experience in Pharmacotherapy of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Children

This review examines modern approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in children, one of the most common functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. IBS is characterized by chronic abdominal pain, intestinal motility disorders and stool changes, which significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. The article analyzes in detail the pathogenetic mechanisms of IBS, including the role of the gut–brain axis, gut microbiota and neuroendocrine factors. Special attention is paid to the pharmacotherapy of IBS in children, including the use of antidepressants, probiotics and herbal components, as well as the role of correctors of the motor activity of the digestive tract in relieving symptoms. Modern recommendations on the use of various classes of antidepressants are considered, taking into account their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics. The prospects of using probiotics and herbal preparations in the complex therapy of IBS are also analyzed. The data obtained confirm the need for a personalized approach to the treatment of IBS, taking into account the genetic and physiological characteristics of patients.