Analysis of Sustainability and Land Suitability Requirements of Areas for Sustainable Vannamei Shrimp Farming in Ponds

Sustainable fisheries management and the use of aquatic resources, by implementing an ecosystem approach in a sustainable manner, can improve the economy and food security. The Pacific white shrimp, known as the vanname shrimp (Penaeus vannamei), is one of the leading fisheries export commodities. The production in ponds fluctuates greatly, and there are even ponds that have closed due to losses. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the sustainability, land suitability requirements and economic of an area for sustainable vannamei shrimp farming. The research locations are in six districts in Indonesia and six of the vannamei shrimp farming industries, namely Rhee Sumbawa, ANK Probolinggo, NIM Situbondo, TKM Pacitan, UTSerang, and MT Pesisi Selatan. Research time: September 2023 - June 2024. Data analysis used Rapfish-MDS (Rapid Appraisal for Fisheries-Multidimensional Scaling), Microsoft Excel, and comparative analysis with the standard. The analysis of sustainability status is divided into five dimensions, namely ecological, economic, social, technological, and institutional. Key factors to increase productivity and sustainability are reservoir management, cultivation areas, human resource capacity development, technology, and institutions. The attributes that leverage the improvement of sustainability are water quality, pollution levels, soil quality, the area of mangrove forests, production levels, access to capital, cooperation with shrimp farmers, technology suitability, and business management. The results showed land suitability analysis shows six locations suitable for intensive vannamei shrimp cultivation. The average index value is 69.33, which means that the six locations have a moderately sustainable status. The highest index of sustainability was found in UTAUP. Economic analysis of UTAUP farms showed a profit of U$ 56,932 per hectare over four cycles. This location can be used as a pilot shrimp farming management system in ponds. The management of shrimp farming on land that is suitable by applying sustainable elements would increase economic benefits and food security continuously.