Comparison between Spinal Anesthesia Using Hyperbaric Prilocaine with Nalbuphine or Fentanyl Supplementation in Lower Limb Surgeries

Background: The best medications for spinal anesthesia are becoming more important as more & more surgeries are moved to outpatient facilities. Aim and Objectives: This study aims to compare the length of postoperative analgesia and motor & sensory block characteristics between spinal anesthesia employing hyperbaric prilocaine, nalbuphine, & fentanyl in lower limb procedures. Patients and Methods: The research included ninety patients & was a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical trial. at Al-Azhar University Hospitals in Cairo, & was approved by the Scientific & Ethics Research Committee. Each of the three groups consisted of thirty patients. Group P: using hyperbaric prilocaine 50 mg prilocaine only, Group PF: using hyperbaric prilocaine Fentanyl twenty-five μg with prilocaine fifty milligrams & Group PN: using hyperbaric prilocaine 50mg and 800 μg nalbuphine. Results: In terms of age, body mass index (BMI), ASA status, sex, & operation time or type, the research found no statistically significant difference between all three groups. In comparison to groups P & PF, group PN had a substantially longer time to request the first analgesic. In addition, during four hours & twenty-four hours after surgery, group PN patients reported much less pain on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) than groups P & PF. The length of time that sensory and motor blocks lasted also varied significantly across groups. Conclusion: Adjuvants to two percent hyperbaric prilocaine in a subarachnoid block, such as intrathecal nalbuphine eight hundred μg or fentanyl twenty-five μg, are effective. When compared to fentanyl, intrathecal nalbuphine prolongs sensory block, motor block, & effective analgesia while reducing the occurrence of adverse actions and complications in patients undergoing lower limb surgery under spinal anesthesia.