Alternative Livelihoods of Traditional Fishermen as the Impact of Climate Change in Ambon City

This study aimed to describe and analyze non-fishery alternative livelihoods and to calculate the income and expenditure of traditional fishermen in Ambon City. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method to explore the types of non-fishery alternative livelihoods, while a quantitative method was used to calculate their income and expenditure. Data were collected through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and field observations. The findings showed that traditional fishermen's non-fishery livelihoods were primarily in agriculture (64.3%), fisheries-based entrepreneurship (21.4%), and daily labor (14.2%). Monthly income from non-fishery livelihoods amounted to IDR 2,080,000, while fishing income was IDR 3,875,800, resulting in a total monthly income of IDR 5,955,800, while their monthly expenditure was IDR 8,554,200. The conclusions drawn were: (1) non-fishery livelihoods are mainly in agriculture, which is not yet optimal in supporting fishermen's income, (2) the total income of fishermen is still low compared to their food and non-food expenditures, and (3) non-fishery livelihoods, mainly agriculture and fisheries-based entrepreneurship, need to be integrated more effectively through entrepreneurship to boost economic growth. It is suggested that the government and stakeholders should focus on developing business opportunities for fishery households to improve their income and welfare in Ambon City.