Effect of Short-Term Oral Vitamin A Supplementation on Tear Film Stability, Tear Ferning Patterns, and Clinical Parameters in Dry Eye Disease

Introduction: Dry Eye Disease (DED) is a multifactorial disorder of the tear film and ocular surface, leading to discomfort, visual impairment, and reduced quality of life. Vitamin A, essential for mucin production and tear film stability, has been shown to improve certain DED parameters, though its effect on mucin production and tear ferning patterns remains unexplored. Methods: This study assessed the impact of short-term oral vitamin A supplementation on tear film stability, tear ferning patterns, and clinical parameters of DED. Participants were diagnosed based on established criteria. Tear ferning patterns were analyzed using microscopy, and clinical symptoms were evaluated using standardized grading systems pre- and post-supplementation. Results: Oral vitamin A supplementation improved tear ferning patterns, suggesting enhanced mucin production and tear film stability. Participants also showed significant improvement in clinical parameters, including reduced ocular discomfort and enhanced tear quality. Results highlight the role of vitamin A in addressing tear film instability and mucin deficiency in DED. Conclusion: Short-term oral vitamin A supplementation significantly improves tear film stability, mucin production, and clinical symptoms in DED, providing a promising therapeutic approach.