Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Using Indocyanine Green Loaded FDG Conjugated Cubic Iron Oxide (C-Fe3O4) Nanoparticles

Our aim is to provide nanostructures combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) and low-dose radiation therapy (RT) to target Escherichia coli ( E. coli) and Green Fluorescence Protein-E coli bacteria (GFP-E. coli). To accomplish this, we synthesized cubic iron oxide nanoparticles conjugated with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-19] fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) and loaded them with indocyanine green (ICG) (referred to as ICG@FDG-MNPs). ICG, which has the potential for PDT, was incorporated into ICG@FDG-MNPs to enable effective combined therapy approach targeting E. coli bacteria using an LED beam and LINAC-X-ray source treatment. PDT/RT studies demonstrated that when the nanoconjugate was initially stimulated with the LED beam on E. coli and Green Fluorescence Protein-E. coli bacteria, radiation damage increased, ultimately leading to bacterial death.