Immersive Focus+Context Techniques to Assist in Interpretation of High Density Forest Point Clouds

Virtual Reality (VR) is changing how we interact with complex spatial datasets. VR has the potential within forestry to help analyse remotely sensed spatial data for inventory management. However, challenges of scale and legibility of dense forest point clouds must be addressed. To do so, we present three VR Focus+Context (F+C) techniques: Wedgelight, Remote Lantern, and Ray Lantern. These techniques present point cloud data using a constrained highdetail focus within a broader abstracted context representation, manipulated using egocentric and exocentric interactions. We conducted two user studies. The first informed the design of the F+C techniques. The results from the first study indicate that VR significantly outperforms desktop displays in basic analysis of forestry point clouds, with improvements to both time and accuracy. The second study evaluated the performance of the resulting F+C techniques in a task analogous to real-world forestry operations. Our F+C techniques significantly outperformed current approaches, confirming their viability for facilitating detailed and effective forest assessments. These findings indicate that VR has significant advantages for spatial data analysis tasks in forestry, making a strong argument for its adoption in future analytical frameworks. The FF+CC visualisation techniques we introduced show considerable promise for analysis of high density point clouds, opening new avenues for development in immersive analytics. Supplemental materials (code, scans, results) are available at https://osf.io/hqc9u.