EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANTS WITH PHYTONCIDAL AND PROTISTOCIDAL PROPERTIES FOR THE PURPOSE OF LANDSCAPING RESIDENTIAL AREAS

In recent years, the pace of greening in our cities has not only decreased in comparison to capital construction but also, due to unplanned deforestation, existing green spaces, parks, and green zones have gradually given way to large-scale structures and buildings. That is why green construction, carried out based on scientifically organized ecological monitoring, will contribute to the improvement of the ecological situation and have significant environmental importance. One of the important issues in greening is the use of trees and shrubs with phytoncidal activity, which creates a healthy environment. The article presents effective methods for determining the phytoncidal and protistocidal properties of various species of trees and shrubs present in several plant communities. Microbiological studies of the air in these communities (based on the sanitary and microbiological indicators of atmospheric air) have confirmed that the phytoncidal effect of plants is most pronounced in the Hrant Dink forest (1280 microorganisms per 1 m³ of air) and in the Artik pine forest (1415 microorganisms). The phytoncidal effectiveness of plants varies depending on the season, soil, climate conditions, and time of day. In all the studied communities, the synthesis of phytoncides intensifies in spring during the pollination period. To determine the protistocidal properties of plants, extracts from several plants were obtained under laboratory conditions, and their impact on the activity of protozoa was measured. It was found that the Norway maple (Acer platanoides L. f. purpurea) exhibits very strong protozoa-killing properties (28.5%), as does the Cossack juniper (Juniperus sabina L.) with 20% activity. To promote green construction, recommendations have been made. The plants studied in the research can be widely used for greening cities and other settlements to improve the microclimatic and sanitary-hygienic conditions of the surrounding environment.