Le Sénégal entre islamisation et colonisation : métissage culturel ou culturicide ?

Abstract. The last millennium has seen Africa completely shaped by people supposedly invested with a divinely civilizing mission. The trans-Saharan conquest (Islamization) and the transatlantic conquest (colonization), which lasted nearly 1100 years, were both of rare violence with events that left indelible traces in Africa. They have provoked massacres at all levels, to such an extent that questions are being raised about their genocidal and "culturicidal" characteristics. The fact remains that from this fierce encounter was born a new Africa with new characteristics to be attributed to the plastic character of the human. This article, which gives the example of Senegal, offers us the opportunity to question the history of these conquests and their consequences today from a cultural, religious and political point of view : the victory of cultural mixing. These developments are preceded by a conceptual elucidation of the terms genocide, culturicide or ethnocide. Keywords : islamisation, colonisation, cultural mixing, culturicide, Senegal