Alternative Indemnify More Effective Chemotherapy with Targeting Cancer Cell Using Encapsulation Technique

Of all disorders, cancer ranks as one of the most fatal, causing up to 10 million fatalities in 2020. Chemotherapeutic drugs represent efficient therapy for a wide range of human cancers. The major obstacle in applying chemotherapy is the accompanying severe side effects. In the present study, nano-encapsulated bioactive compounds in the dietary supplements products with folate-targeting activity and pectin were designed to enhance the anticancer activity of two different formulas of nanoparticles: ND+F-dox (folic acid + doxorubicin in one capsule) and NDF-dox (folic acid, and doxorubicin in two separate capsules). Treatment of cancer cells with the two formulas significantly inhibited their proliferation in a concentration-dependent way with IC50 values of 4.44, 36.15 µg/ml in the case of HepG2 cells and 2.36, 22.58 µg/ml in MCF-7 cells, respectively. The formulas had high selectivity by reporting very low toxicity with MCF10A normal cells. The anticancer effect of current formulas was due to a significant elevation of DNA damage as NDF-dox and ND+F-dox significantly increased percentages to 20.49, and 46,48%, respectively. The formulas significantly induced apoptosis by upregulating apoptotic BAX and downregulating anti-apoptotic Bcl2 simultaneously with high selectivity and specificity. The present research offers compelling proof that ND+F-dox succeeded in boosting the anticancer efficacy of doxorubicin and a successful prospective strategy to lessen doxorubicin toxicity by targeting cancer cells, increasing its application for cancer treatment.