Strategic health planning in Sri Lanka: Evaluating health master plans from 2005 to 2025

Introduction: Health Master Plans are vital for guiding national healthcare strategies in alignment with economic and social development. In Sri Lanka, the Health Master Plan 2005–2015 and the National Health Strategic Master Plan 2016–2025 aimed to ensure equitable access to healthcare and improve population well-being. This case study evaluates these plans to provide recommendations for future development. Methods: A comprehensive analysis was conducted, examining political, economic, and social contexts, demographic patterns, health demands, infrastructure, funding, and international cooperation. Key challenges were identified and prioritised using the "Eat that frog" technique, followed by root cause analysis to address issues of clarity, organisation, and strategic objectives. Results: The evaluation highlighted significant challenges, including complexity, information overload, and lack of clarity in strategic objectives. Recommendations include conducting thorough sectoral analyses, setting clear strategic directions, and developing a prioritised investment portfolio aligned with global health goals. Continuity and alignment with international frameworks are also emphasised. Discussion: The findings indicate that future health master plans should follow a standardised format, conduct thorough situational analysis, and set achievable objectives. Strategic directions should be clearly stated, considering historical and contextual factors, and aligned with global development goals. The Management Development and Planning Unit (MDPU) at the Ministry of Health is crucial in this process, tasked with ensuring systematic and continuous improvement. Conclusion: This assessment provides valuable insights for enhancing future health master plans in Sri Lanka. Emphasising clarity, conciseness, comprehensiveness, and strategic alignment will be essential for addressing current challenges and achieving long-term health goals.