Preparatory Phase in the Institutional Treatment of Delinquents with Pronounced Psychopathic Traits According to the Caldwell's Decompression Model

Despite widespread view among experts that “nothing works” in the treatment of individuals with psychopathic profiles, long-term, intensive treatment based on the Decompression Model by Caldwell and colleagues has shown positive outcomes even in delinquents with pronounced psychopathic traits. The Decompression Model is a cognitive-behavioural programme targeting the socio-behavioural aspects of psychopathy. This paper presents an overview of the preparatory phase of this programme, as well as an analysis of its contribution to the overall treatment effectiveness. The preparatory phase of decompression focuses on reducing antagonistic exchanges between adolescents and staff, paving the way for more constructive interactions. During this process, professionals attempt to improve role dynamics within the collective and break the pattern of defiant behaviour, which is sometimes a consequence of persistent punitive experiences within this population. There are indications that the preparatory phase significantly contributes to the effectiveness of the Decompression Model, and that it seems reasonable to implement it in working with especially aggressive and disruptive delinquents who have shown resistance to standard treatment forms. Although there are systematic barriers to the full implementation of the preparatory phase in local institutions, one of the elements that can be used is orienting the initial intervention programme towards reducing resistance to treatment and fostering a collaborative relationship with the offenders