Seasonal regimen (Ritucharya) with special reference to Agni and Gut Microbiota

Background: Ayurvedic Classics have stated six Ritus (seasons), three each under the broad classifications Aadana kala (Northern Solstice) and Visarga kala (Southern Solstice), with distinct dietary and lifestyle regimens prescribed for each. Human gut microbiome diverges seasonally and diet according to Ritucharya is the most effective method to manipulate and regulate the inherent host microbiota relationship. Aim: The present review work has been done to see the implementation of Ritucharya (Seasonal regimen) for a healthy life with special reference to gut flora. Material methods: Information regarding “Ritucharya” has been analyzed from classical textbooks like Charak Samhita, Sushruta Samhita, etc. Detailed evidence and information have been collected by searching MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, AYUSH Portal, and Namaste Portal. Research and review articles were selected by using the search terms: “Ritucharya”, “human gut biome”, “host-microbiome interaction”, “gut microbiota”, “seasonal microbiota”, “season-agni”, “ritucharya-agni”, “agni-gut microbiota” and “diet-microbiota”, “environment-gut bacteria. Discussion: The impaired Agni (digestive fire) is the basic cause of all illnesses. The entire Ayurvedic preventive and treatment system is based on the modulation and management of "Agni" (digestive fire). When Agni's activity is disrupted, it affects Mahasrotas (gastrointestinal) and affects the gut microbiota of an individual. Dysbiosis of the gut microbial makeup has been linked to a variety of diseases including gastritis, obesity, colitis, and eczema. Providing the correct gut environment through the right seasonal diet helps nurture the right microbiome, which can result in good metabolic effects and help prevent seasonal and opportunistic infections. Conclusion: This review examines the seasonal regimens based on the current evidence on the interdependency of gut microbial ecology with changing seasons and consequent health effects.