Formulation, Development and In-vitro evaluation of Anti-inflammatory Polyherbal Transdermal Patch

Background: Inflammation is a tissue response to any infection associated with pain, increased vascular permeability, protein denaturation & membrane alteration. Non-steroidal and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NASIDs) and SAIDs are commonly used medications for inflammation but have adverse side-effects. Dashmool, an ayurvedic polyherbal formulation shows significant anti-inflammatory properties with no severe side-effects. Objective: This study aims to develop and evaluate a transdermal patch containing Dashmool extract, leveraging the benefits of transdermal drug delivery to manage inflammation and pain effectively. Methods: The aqueous extract of Dashmool was prepared and standardised. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed using albumin denaturation inhibition. Various formulations of transdermal patches were created using cassava starch as a natural polymer and different ratios of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and plasticisers. Physicochemical properties, including thickness, folding endurance, moisture content, and surface pH, were evaluated. Results: The aqueous extract of Dashmool exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity, with the highest inhibition of protein denaturation observed at 400 µg/ml. Among the formulations, F1 (cassava starch-based) showed the best overall performance with good adhesive properties, flexibility, and moisture content. The patches demonstrated uniform thickness, acceptable folding endurance, and low moisture content, indicating stability. Conclusion: The developed Dashmool transdermal patch, offers a promising alternative for pain management with better stability.