Fresnel Non-Line-of-Sight Probability Models for mmWave V2V Communications in Mixed Traffic Scenarios

Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication is vital in developing connected and automated driving. Currently, Sub6GHz stands out as the primary frequency band in use, with the anticipation that millimeter wave (mmWave) will become a crucial component in future V2V communication. Maintaining a clear line-of-sight path is essential for effective communication. However, the vehicles between the transmitting and the receiving vehicles can obstruct the line-of-sight paths and consequently impact the performance of V2V communication. Hence, this paper introduces a geometry-based Fresnel non-line-of-sight probability model for mmWave V2V communications. The model is designed to address highway multi-lane scenarios across different traffic conditions. Factors like traffic density, vehicle size, and different traffic flow compositions are considered.