Analysis of the Impact of Situational Awareness Effectiveness Based on Wargame

Situational awareness (SA) is a critical research topic in various fields, including military command and control, disaster response, industrial process control, and infrastructure monitoring. In military command and control, SA is particularly significant, representing the “Observe” and “Orient” phases of the OODA model. Commanders must acquire and comprehend information about the adversarial environment to make quick and accurate decisions and execute appropriate actions. Effective SA leads to an information advantage, which subsequently translates into decision-making and operational advantages. Real combat operations often assess overall command effectiveness without focusing on the impact of SA on command effectiveness. Therefore, this paper discusses the importance of SA from the perspective of the OODA model in combat. By utilizing combat units and sensor data recorded in wargame simulations, we propose a method for analyzing SA effectiveness across three dimensions: overall situation, SA accuracy, and SA quality. We examine the impact of SA effectiveness on the simulation outcomes for commanders on both sides. By employing the wargame, this study highlights the significance of enhancing commanders' SA capabilities in dynamic adversarial combat environments.