Study of Droplet Transfer and Spatter in Pulsed Gas Metal arc Welding for Pressure Pipeline Welding

Pulsed gas metal arc welding (GMA W-P), a prevalent welding method for pressure pipelines, has attracted widespread interests due to its flexible parameter adjustment, superior welding performance, and robust environmental adaptability. However, inappropriate droplet transfer mode and electric parameters may lead to intense spatters, worsening the weld quality. Facing these issues, this study aims to in-situ monitor the droplet transfer and spatter generation processes in pressure pipeline welding, using a high-speed camera and electrical sensors. The objective is to reveal the mechanisms underlying different droplet transfer modes and spatters, thereby providing valuable reference and determination of process parameter (welding current and arc voltage) to diminish common spatters.