Pricing Optimization for Public EV Charging Stations Considering User Behavior

Pricing strategy plays a crucial role in public charging stations' operation. A good pricing strategy can not only improve the revenue of public charging stations but also guide the charging behavior of electric vehicle (EV) users. This paper proposes an hourly time-of-use pricing strategy for public charging stations considering user charging behavior to maximize the profit of public charging stations. We first propose a fitting optimization model to characterize the response function between charging demand and charging price, and then develop a pricing optimization model on this basis. Based on the real data from a large public charging station in Shanghai, we perform numerical experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.