Analysis of Transient Ice Events in Underwater Ambient Noise

The increasing human activities in the Arctic region make it crucial to utilize under-ice acoustic devices for the detection and discrimination of transient events caused by these activities. This paper utilizes the noise data collected under the ice of Songhua Lake to analyze the under-ice environmental noise, confirming that it possesses acoustic characteristics similar to those found under the Arctic ice. The detection of a large number of peak events in the noise data was carried out, and an analysis was conducted on the number of peaks, noise kurtosis, peak intervals, and the frequency correlation of the power spectrum. Subsequently, feature analysis was performed on the three main types of transient events present in the data. The results indicate that the correlation between the number of low-frequency peaks and the power spectrum increases with the increase of frequency, reaching the maximum at 150Hz. Moreover, the three types of transient events exhibit distinct time-frequency and energy characteristics, which can be used to differentiate these events based on their primary features.