A Frequency Regulation Strategy for Microgrids with High-Penetration of Distributed PV Sources

As the share of photovoltaic (PV) generation grows., the intermittent and stochastic characteristics of solar energy may lead to frequency fluctuations., particularly in microgrids with high penetration of PV sources. Enlarging the capacity of installed energy storage can solve this problem., but the energy storage requires additional installation and maintenance costs. Therefore., there is increasing demand for PV sources to take participation in frequency regulation. This paper proposes an adaptive PV frequency regulation strategy (APFRS) based on dp/dv control method. The proposed strategy operates the PV sources below their Maximum Power Point (MPP) to realize flexible power regulation., thereby achieving active frequency support. It adjusts the reserved power to regulate frequency in response to load changes. Under conditions of insufficient irradiation., the PV sources will adaptively switch to the Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) mode to enhance power support for the system for higher operation efficiency. The proposed strategy can effectively reduce the demand for the capacity of energy storage system (ESS). Moreover., this strategy is fully decentralized and can be coordinated with only local measurements., avoiding the need for a communication network. Matlab/Simulink simulations are presented to validate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy.