Research on Pricing Strategy of Shared Energy Storage and Integrated Energy Microgrid Cluster Transaction Based on Stackelberg Game Theory

With the rapid development of renewable energy technologies, shared energy storage systems play a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of integrated energy microgrid clusters. This paper introduces the cooperative operational architecture of multiple microgrids, including shared energy storage, and thoroughly analyzes the interactions and interests of each participant. The study further explores how to achieve synergistic energy optimization among microgrids using shared energy storage, considering the spatial and temporal complementarities of their net load characteristics. Additionally, the dynamic game relationships among microgrid operators (MO), shared energy storage operators (SESO), and user aggregators (UA) are analyzed, highlighting how the strategies of MO and SESO mutually constrain each other and together form the leadership layer of a Stackelberg game, with user aggregators in the lower layer. Finally, the paper demonstrates the uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium and employs a combination of genetic algorithms and quadratic programming to solve it. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through case studies.