Statistical Studies of Fading in Underwater Wireless Optical Channels in the Presence of Bubbles

Bubbles, as one of the significant factors influencing turbulence distribution, profoundly affect the performance of underwater wireless optical communication. This paper aims to investigate the impact of bubbles on turbulence distribution through experimental means and to fit them using turbulence distribution models. To further investigate the mechanism of bubble influence, the experiment specifically considers bubble size and air flow rate as variables, revealing the impact of different bubble sizes and air flow rates on turbulence distribution. Where large-sized bubbles exhibit a two-lobe distribution, small-sized bubbles display a simple single-lobe distribution at low air flow rates and a two-lobe distribution at high air flow rates. It reveals the fitting performance of these turbulence models. The fitting performance of the Weibull-Generalized Gamma Distribution model is superior, making it more suitable for general scenarios. Provide essential insights for analyzing and improving performance in subsequent underwater optical communication systems.