A Data-Driven Approach to Engineering Instruction: Exploring Learning Styles, Study Habits, and Machine Learning

This study examines the impact of learning style and study habits alignment on the academic success of engineering students. Over a 16-week semester, 72 students from the Process Engineering and Electronic Engineering programs at Universidad de Los Llanos participated in this study. They completed the Learning Styles Index questionnaire on the first day of class, and each week, teaching methods and class activities were aligned with one of the four learning dimensions of the Felder-Silverman Learning Styles Model. Lesson 1 focused on one side of the learning dimension, lesson 2 on the opposite side, and the tutorial session incorporated both. Quizzes and engagement surveys assessed short-term academic performance, while midterm and final exam results measured long-term performance. Paired t-tests, Cohen's effect size, and two-way ANOVA showed that aligning teaching methods with learning styles improved short-term exam scores and engagement. However, multiple regression analysis indicated that study habits (specifically, time spent studying, frequency, and scores on a custom-developed study quality survey) were much stronger predictors of midterm and final exam performance. Several machine learning models, including Random Forest and Voting Ensemble, were tested to predict academic outcomes using study behavior data. Voting Ensemble was found to be the strongest model, explaining 83% of the variance in final exam scores, with a mean absolute error of 3.18. Our findings suggest that while learning style alignment improves short-term engagement and comprehension, effective study habits and time management play a more important role in long-term academic success.