Terrestrial-Satellite Communication Techniques and Challenges for 6G

The introduction of 6G is intended to transform global communication systems by merging terrestrial, aerial, and satellite networks, resulting in a ubiquitous, ultra-reliable, and low- latency communications infrastructure. The strict standards of 6G, however, may not be individually met by the homogeneous wireless networks that are now in place, such as satellite and cellular systems, especially in isolated areas like mountains and seas. The deployment of diverse wireless networks that take advantage of the interconnectivity of satellites, aerial base stations (BSs), and terrestrial BSs across interconnected space, ground, and aerial layers is one potential remedy.