Blockchain Sharding Model to Increase The Efficiency of Waste Management Processes Based on Blockchain Technology

The waste management system is a series of activities that include collection, transportation, processing, recycling, and disposal of waste with the aim of managing waste effectively and environmentally friendly. The goal is to reduce the negative impact of waste on human health and the environment and maximize the reuse of materials that still have utility value. Several studies have attempted to improve the efficiency of waste processing systems based on blockchain technology. This research highlights the inefficiency of waste processing with conventional blockchain technology, where each waste management transaction must go through a validation process by all participants in the blockchain network. The validation process with a very large number of participants involved in waste processing is irrelevant if using conventional blockchain technology. So this research offers the application of a blockchain sharding model for national-scale waste management. The validation process is carried out in layers at the district, provincial, and national levels so as to increase transaction efficiency on the blockchain network. The research uses a qualitative approach through a literature review to study the weaknesses of waste processing with blockchain technology and offers solutions by implementing the blockchain sharding concept. The research output is in the form of a proposed model; use case diagrams and simulations with Hyperledger.