A Rare Case of Ketosis-Prone Type 2 Diabetes With a Unique Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Profile: Genetic and Metabolic Insights

This report describes the case of a 21-year-old man with ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (KPD), highlighting the genetic and metabolic factors influencing disease progression. The patient presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and demonstrated rapid insulin secretory recovery, allowing early discontinuation of insulin. Genetic analysis revealed human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*15:01 and DRB1*09:01 haplotypes, suggesting a role of immune factors typically associated with type 1 diabetes in the pathogenesis of KPD. Metabolic factors, evidenced by prolonged ketone clearance, further underscore the complexity of KPD. These findings contribute to a growing understanding of KPD as a unique subtype of diabetes, reinforcing the importance of personalized, genetically informed management approaches for optimal care.