Aerobic physical activity and the potential risk of developing certain diseases

Physical workouts focused on endurance (aerobic workouts) are one of the forms of civilization- related disease prophylaxis and a trendy form of leisure activity. Physical activity, being the prerequisite for health, is recommended, inter alia, by World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Department of health and Social Care. The classic and recommended forms of physical activity of an aerobic nature include, inter alia, swimming, cycling, jogging and cross-country skiing. The review of reference sources indicates that the aforementioned forms of physical activity may not only bring benefits within the range of disease prophylaxis, however, on the contrary, they may be the reasons for disease development. A review of the reference sources was conducted and it showed the relationship between cycling and swimming activities, and the development of osteoporosis. A large volume of endurance training may result in hormonal disorders in men and women while many years’ long endurance trainings may result in atrial fibrosis, which is the basis of atrial and ventricular arrythmia. Aerobic physical activity may also be the cause of neurogenerative diseases in genetically burdened people. The paper indicates the necessity of a wider outlook on the recommended physical activity from the perspective of individualization principles while applying the means, forms and training load, taking into consideration the environmental conditionings in training persons.