Classic Recurrent Ependymoma in Posterior Cranial Fossa Treated with Coated-Bionanocatalysts: Case Report

Ependymomas are genetically varied glial tumors that form in the Central Nervous System (CNS). They originate from cells in the ventricular system and can develop intracranially as well as in the spinal cord. Primary treatments, especially for intracranial ependymomas in children, frequently fail to prevent recurrence, which can happen within two years or even several years post-diagnosis. Among novel treatments, bionanocatalysts are nanostructured materials made up of oxide matrices that possess catalytic properties and biochemical characteristics. Certain bionanocatalysts can selectively induce cytotoxic effects in cancer cells while remaining harmless to healthy cells. In this regard, in this study, we present the case of a pediatric patient with classic recurrent ependymoma in the posterior cranial fossa who was previously receiving only palliative care. The patient had already received several neurosurgeries focused on the extraction of tumor tissue, which had resulted in several side effects and a significant reduction in the quality of life the patient. Due to the ineffectiveness of previous treatments, we decided to implement a protocol using oncologic bionanocatalysts for treatment. After 5 years, the patient is in remission with no significant or evident side effects. This research highlights the selective cytotoxic activity of these nanostructures on cancer cells, sparing healthy cells in surrounding tissues, unlike other chemotherapeutics such as cisplatin.